The mineral water of the Sóskút (today Sulz) localised a few kilometres away from Németújvár in Vas County (today: Güssing, Burgenland, Austria) has been consumed even by the Romans. Because of the water's healing effect, the wife of Count György Festetics of Tolna (née Judit Jakabházi Sallér) has established a well-equipped classicist-style bathing-resort in 1815-16. The mineral water of Sóskút was first analysed and published by Ferenc Mittermayer, an apothecary from Szombathely. After the decease of the countess the heirs having debt difficulties, sold the estate. The estate had several owners in the following years. In the 1840s it became a well known and attended bathing place. The War of Independence in 1848-49 meant a great break in resort's life.
 

          The study reviews the several-decade efforts for establishing the natural sciences school at Szombathely and follows the fate of the school through the storms of the history. The Russian army of occupation used the school building till 1957; today a teacher training school is functioning within its walls. The author presents the illustrious teachers and students of the school. Lastly, republishes the publication of Ágoston Pável (the first editor in chief of the Vasi Szemle) about dr. István Pethõ-Perepatits, the director for decades of the school.
 

          The village gate is an entrance place in the fence of the village. It has been placed on the most important roads leading out of the village. It has been used Europe-wide in the Middle Ages. In the Carpathian Basin, especially on the rimlands - where the agriculture and the stockbreeding had nearly similar importance - these gates were to be found even in the 20th century. The geographical name-collections published in the last three decades provide a good source for studying the spread of the Transdanubian village gates. It is ascertainable that the memories of the village fences and village gates are preserved by the geographical names of Baranya, Somogy, Zala and Vas counties. The geographical names of Tolna and Fejér counties do not indicate the existence of village gates.
 
 
 

          The Slovenians constitute an autochton minority of Hungary. Their ancestors arrived around 550 AD to the area where the Slovenian ethnic group still lives in Slovenia and on areas bordering Slovenia: in Hungary at Szentgotthárd and the six neighbouring settlements as well as at Szombathely, Mosonmagyaróvár, Budapest and spread on the whole area of Hungary. They were named "tót", "vendus-tót" by Hungarians -  these names were used before 1920 as a synonym for "Slovenians". The theory stating that the Wends were not Slovenians was born in the fights for Lutheran religion and in the struggles for keeping the pre-Trianon borders. The written version of the Slovenian dialect in Hungary survived in Catholic and Lutheran religious publications. The present-day media (biweekly paper, radio and television programmes) and 80% of other publications are using the spoken dialect.
 

          It is disputed whether the Vends in Hungary are speaking an independent language or a dialect of the Slovenian only. It is also controversial the time when they arrived to their present, south-western Hungarian area. It is certain, however, that they are Slavs. Nevertheless, the Vends have a wide-spread prehistoric "pre-Slav" relatedness: their name has been spread from Minor Asia to the Eastern Balt, from the British Isles to the Lower Danube. The written sources are dated from Homer and they are relatively often mentioned up to the Latvian Heinricus in the 13th-century as "venet" or "vened". Evidently, they had a tribe that has been spread over a huge area but they left nothing behind them excepting their name. Not even the remnants of their language. According to the hypothesis of the author they could have been the first inhabitants of the Ancient Europe, prior to the Indo-Europeans.
 

          Illés Pál Edvi, the versatile Lutheran chaplain practiced his profession for years at Dömölk in vas County. Although he did not participated actively in the 1848 Revolution and War of Independence, he accurately noted those seen and heard. His chronicle in manuscript ("Chronicles of Vas County") is an important document of that period. The mostly autographical volume preserved in the archives of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, despite of numerous inaccuracies and errors is worthy to be published and further work-up. The presently published details have been provided with preface and annotations by the publisher.